Thermal regulations in housing: a comparative analysis of new construction and renovation

Thermal regulations are an essential guide and compass for the design and implementation of new-build projects, including the construction of single-family homes, as well as the renovation of existing housing.

These regulations, carefully designed to improve energy efficiency and reduce CO2 emissions per m² with the help of centralized technical management, are real levers for action to reduce the environmental footprint of housing, whether new or renovated. Although their scope of application is broad, covering all types of construction and renovation projects, it is important to note that there are significant variations between regulations specific to each type of project.

Understanding these nuances is a fundamental step towards building and renovation projects that are not only in line with current energy standards, but also respectful of the environment. This means paying particular attention to the materials used, the construction process, hot water and heating systems, insulation and much more. Indeed, every component in the design and construction of a building has the potential to influence its overall energy balance.

This article is designed to explore these differences, focusing on the specific objectives, detailed requirements and key elements of each thermal regulation. We will also explore how these regulations have evolved over time, in response to technological advances and growing awareness of the need for a positive and sustainable transition in the real estate sector.

These regulations are part of a more global vision of sustainability, taking into account not only the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, but also the efficient use of water and the environmental impact of building materials. They are therefore much more than just standards to be met. They represent invaluable guides to help real estate players navigate the transition to a more sustainable and environmentally-friendly way of designing, building and renovating homes.

Thermal regulations for new buildings: a proactive strategy for optimum energy performance

In the context of new construction, thermal regulations are a set of standards and guidelines designed specifically for new buildings. These rules are designed to guarantee optimum energy performance right from the initial design and construction phases. Their aim is not only to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, but also to promote the use of renewable energies and improve the overall energy efficiency of buildings.

For example, the 2020 Thermal Regulations (RT 2020), due to come into force in 2022, focus on reducing the energy consumption of new buildings. It encourages improved thermal insulation, greater use of renewable energies and more efficient management of energy resources, as well as regular consultation of the condominium maintenance logbook to monitor progress. The ultimate aim is to minimize the energy consumption of new buildings, expressed in kWh/m²/year, and promote their energy autonomy.

The RT 2020 standard for new construction incorporates various criteria, such as energy performance, energy consumption, thermal insulation, heating systems and the use of renewable energies, among others. It defines precise thresholds and rigorous requirements to ensure the creation of energy-efficient buildings that offer optimum comfort for occupants while respecting the environment.

The importance of materials selection in thermal regulations for new construction

Material selection is a major component of thermal regulations. In fact, the choice of high-quality construction and insulation materials can have a significant impact on a building’s energy efficiency. The RT 2020 thermal regulations emphasize the importance of choosing sustainable, low-climate-impact materials, in order to minimize the CO2 emissions associated with the construction of new homes.

The role of energy labels in thermal regulations for new buildings

Energy labels also play a crucial role in thermal regulations for new construction. These labels, such as the RE2020 label, offer official recognition to buildings that meet or exceed the required energy standards. They are therefore a valuable tool for encouraging the construction of buildings with high energy performance and low carbon impact.

Thermal regulations applied to renovation: towards an ecological transformation of existing buildings

Thermal regulations for renovation focus on improving the energy performance of existing buildings, with a particular emphasis on reducing CO2 emissions per m². These rules aim to reduce energy consumption, increase thermal comfort and reduce the carbon footprint of existing structures, while taking into account the percentage of modification carried out during renovation.

Unlike thermal regulations for new construction, those for renovation are often more complex due to the diversity of existing buildings. Requirements vary according to the nature and scope of the renovation work, the type of building concerned (single-family home or apartment block), its age, geographical location and initial state. For example, insulation work may require different approaches depending on the building’s age and type of construction.

The impact of thermal regulations on heating and hot water systems in renovation projects

When it comes to renovation, thermal regulations have a significant impact on heating and hot water systems. To meet the targets set by the regulations, it may be necessary to modernize these systems to make them more efficient and energy-saving. For example, the introduction of more recent technologies, such as heat pumps or solar water heaters, can help to significantly reduce energy consumption for heating and hot water production.

Thermal regulations for renovation: from RT2012 to RE2020

Thermal regulations for renovation have evolved significantly over time. RT2012, for example, had already introduced stricter energy efficiency requirements for existing buildings. With the arrival of the RE2020, these requirements have been further strengthened, with a particular emphasis on reducing CO2 emissions.

What we can remember

In conclusion, thermal regulations for new construction and renovation play an essential role in combating global warming and promoting the transition to a low-carbon society. By understanding these regulations and implementing environmentally-friendly building and renovation practices, we can help build a more sustainable future.